{"id":49317,"date":"2014-09-27T07:47:08","date_gmt":"2014-09-27T07:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/project\/2014-szeptember-xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/"},"modified":"2020-10-29T15:29:18","modified_gmt":"2020-10-29T15:29:18","slug":"2014-szeptember-xvi-evfolyam-3-szam","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/project\/2014-szeptember-xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/","title":{"rendered":"Volume 16, Issue 3, September 2014"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ custom_padding=”||5px|||”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.25″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.27.4″]<\/p>\n

VOLUME 16, ISSUE 3, SEPTEMBER 2014<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ specialty=”on” _builder_version=”3.22.3″ custom_padding=”24px|0px|25px|0px|false|false”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ specialty_columns=”3″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=”3.25″][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_blurb title=”Editoral in Hungarian ” url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/szerklevel_rihmer_perczel_14_09.pdf” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pdf.png” icon_placement=”left” image_max_width=”105%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”3.22.7″ header_font=”||||||||” header_font_size=”17px” header_line_height=”1.3em” body_font=”||on||||||” body_line_height=”1.3em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/szerklevel_rihmer_perczel_14_09.pdf” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]<\/p>\n

Zolt\u00e1n Rihmer, and D\u00f3ra Perczel Forintos<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=”Abstract” closed_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ closed_toggle_background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” icon_color=”#0c71c3″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ title_font=”|600|||||||” title_letter_spacing=”1px” text_orientation=”justified” custom_padding=”0px||10px” border_width_all=”0px” border_width_bottom=”1px”]<\/p>\n

A depresszi\u00f3 \u00e9s \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gi rizik\u00f3 sz\u0171r\u00e9s\u00e9nek jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge<\/h4>\n
Rihmer Zolt\u00e1n1, 2<\/sup>\u00a0\u00e9s Perczel Forintos D\u00f3ra3<\/sup><\/p>\n
\n

1<\/sup>\u00a0Semmelweis Egyetem, K\u00fatv\u00f6lgyi Klinikai T\u00f6mb, Klinikai \u00e9s Kutat\u00e1si Ment\u00e1lhigi\u00e9n\u00e9s oszt\u00e1ly, Budapest \u00a0<\/em>
2<\/sup>\u00a0Orsz\u00e1gos Pszichi\u00e1triai \u00e9s Addiktol\u00f3giai Int\u00e9zet, Budapest<\/em>
3<\/sup>\u00a0Semmelweis Egyetem, Klinikai Pszichol\u00f3gia Tansz\u00e9k \u00e9s Ambulancia, Budapest<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Nemzetk\u00f6zi vizsg\u00e1latokhoz hasonl\u00f3an haz\u00e1nk feln\u0151tt lakoss\u00e1g\u00e1ban az orvosi \u00e9rtelemben vett \u00e9s kezel\u00e9st ig\u00e9nyl\u0151 major depresszi\u00f3s epiz\u00f3d egy h\u00f3napos prevalenci\u00e1ja 4-5%, m\u00edg egy \u00e9ves prevalenci\u00e1ja 7-8% (Szadoczky et al., 1998). A kezeletlen s\u00falyos major depresszi\u00f3s betegek 10-15 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gban hal meg, \u00e9s a befejezett \u00f6ngyilkosok 65-75 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka aktu\u00e1lisan (t\u00f6bbnyire kezeletlen) major depresszi\u00f3ban szenved. A depresszi\u00f3, \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a kezeletlen depresszi\u00f3, gyakori \u00e9s s\u00falyos sz\u00f6v\u0151dm\u00e9nyei (szuicid magatart\u00e1s, szekunder alkohol- \u00e9s drog-ab\u00fazus, fokozott szomatikus morbidit\u00e1s \u00e9s mortalit\u00e1s, tart\u00f3s beteg\u00e1llom\u00e1ny, rokkantos\u00edt\u00e1s stb.) jelent\u0151sen behat\u00e1rolj\u00e1k a beteg \u00e9s csal\u00e1dtagjai j\u00f3ll\u00e9t\u00e9t, \u00e9s emellett jelent\u0151s anyagi terhet r\u00f3nak a t\u00e1rsadalomra is (Rihmer, 2007; Paykel et al., 2005). Az \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1g minden\u00fctt a vil\u00e1gon komoly n\u00e9peg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi probl\u00e9m\u00e1t jelent, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen haz\u00e1nkban, ahol az ut\u00f3bbi 25 \u00e9vben a k\u00f6zel 50 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kos cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s ellen\u00e9re \u00e9vente m\u00e9g mindig k\u00f6zel 2500 ember hal meg \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1g k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben, t\u00f6bben, mint k\u00f6zleked\u00e9si balesetben. Ugyanakkor a depresszi\u00f3k megfelel\u0151 kezel\u00e9se kb. 80 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kkal cs\u00f6kkenti a szuicid hal\u00e1loz\u00e1st (Rihmer et al., 2008). A major depresszi\u00f3 pontprevalenci\u00e1ja a hazai h\u00e1ziorvosi gyakorlatban (hasonl\u00f3an nemzetk\u00f6zi adatokhoz) 6-10% (Sz\u00e1doczky et al., 1997; Rihmer et al., 2011). Mivel az \u00f6ngyilkosok t\u00f6bb mint 50 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka \u00e9lete utols\u00f3 3 h\u00f3napj\u00e1ban felkeresi h\u00e1ziorvos\u00e1t, a h\u00e1ziorvosi szolg\u00e1lat kiemelked\u0151 jelent\u0151s\u00e9ggel b\u00edr az \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1g megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9t illet\u0151en. Megfigyelt\u00e9k azt is, ha a depresszi\u00f3 mellett testi betegs\u00e9g is fenn\u00e1ll, gyakran csak az ut\u00f3bbit ismerik fel \u00e9s kezelik. A csal\u00e1dorvosi praxishoz tartoz\u00f3, depresszi\u00f3ban szenved\u0151 betegeknek kevesebb, mint a fele fordul orvoshoz \u00e9s t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00fck a csal\u00e1dorvos\u00e1t\u00f3l k\u00e9r seg\u00edts\u00e9get. A diagn\u00f3zis \u00e9s a ter\u00e1pia ter\u00e9n az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vtizedekben v\u00e9gbement jelent\u0151s fejl\u0151d\u00e9s ellen\u00e9re a csal\u00e1dorvosok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra tov\u00e1bbra is ad\u00f3dnak neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gek a depresszi\u00f3 felismer\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e9s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatban (Rihmer et al., 2011; Rihmer \u00e9s Rutz, 2009). A csal\u00e1dorvosoknak a depresszi\u00f3 felismer\u00e9s\u00e9ben, kezel\u00e9s\u00e9ben \u00e9s a depresszi\u00f3val kapcsolatos \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gok megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9ben bet\u00f6lt\u00f6tt fontos szerep\u00e9re el\u0151sz\u00f6r az \u00fatt\u00f6r\u0151 jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u0171 Gotland vizsg\u00e1lat h\u00edvta fel a figyelmet. A Sv\u00e9dorsz\u00e1ghoz tartoz\u00f3 Gotland sziget (58000 lakos) 18 csal\u00e1dorvos\u00e1nak 1983 nyar\u00e1n tartott k\u00e9t napos intenz\u00edv, a depresszi\u00f3 felismer\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 tanfolyam ut\u00e1n nemcsak az \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gi hal\u00e1loz\u00e1s cs\u00f6kkent szignifik\u00e1nsan, hanem l\u00e9nyegesen cs\u00f6kkent a depresszi\u00f3 miatti k\u00f3rh\u00e1zba utal\u00e1sok \u00e9s a depresszi\u00f3 miatti beteg\u00e1llom\u00e1nyban t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt napok sz\u00e1ma is. A szigeten ek\u00f6zben mark\u00e1nsan megn\u0151tt az antidepressz\u00edv gy\u00f3gyszerek forgalma, m\u00edg ezen v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok a kontrollr\u00e9gi\u00f3ban nem voltak \u00e9szlelhet\u0151k. Az adatok elemz\u00e9se azt is igazolta, hogy a tanfolyam ut\u00e1n l\u00e9nyegesen lecs\u00f6kkent az \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gi hal\u00e1loz\u00e1s, mely a depresszi\u00f3val kapcsolatos szuic\u00eddiumok mark\u00e1ns cs\u00f6kken\u00e9se miatt k\u00f6vetkezett be (Rihmer et al., 2011; Rihmer \u00e9s Rutz, 2009). Azt, hogy a h\u00e1ziorvosok depresszi\u00f3-tov\u00e1bbk\u00e9pz\u0151 programjai \u2013 megfelel\u0151 k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gi be\u00e1gyazotts\u00e1gban \u2013 az ell\u00e1t\u00e1si ter\u00fclet \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gi hal\u00e1loz\u00e1s\u00e1nak l\u00e9nyeges cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9hez vezetnek, nemzetk\u00f6zi adatokhoz hasonl\u00f3an k\u00e9t nagy hazai vizsg\u00e1lat is igazolta (Szanto et al., 2007; Szekely et al., 2013).<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_blurb title=”Minor physical anomalies are more common in children with idiopathic epilepsy” url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/csabi_14_09.pdf” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pdf.png” icon_placement=”left” image_max_width=”105%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”3.22.7″ header_font=”||||||||” header_font_size=”17px” header_line_height=”1.3em” body_font=”||on||||||” body_line_height=”1.3em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/csabi_14_09.pdf” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]<\/p>\n

Gyorgyi Csabi, Richard Zsuppan, Sara Jeges and Tamas Tenyi<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=”Abstract” closed_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ closed_toggle_background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” icon_color=”#0c71c3″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ title_font=”|600|||||||” title_letter_spacing=”1px” text_orientation=”justified” custom_padding=”0px||10px” border_width_all=”0px” border_width_bottom=”1px”]<\/p>\n

\n

Background: The prevalence of minor physical anomalies (prenatal errors of morphogenesis)
was evaluated in patients with idiopathic epilepsy to get indirect data on the possible role
of aberrant neurodevelopment in the etiology of the disease. Aim: Connecting to current
opinions on a possible role of aberrant neurodevelopment in idiopathic epilepsy it seems
important to introduce somatic trait marker research focusing on brain maldevelopment.
Methods: A scale developed by M\u00e9hes (1985) was used to detect the presence or absence
of 57 minor physical anomalies in 24 patients with idiopathic epilepsy and in 24 matched
controls. Results: The mean value of all minor physical anomalies was significantly higher in
the group of patients compared to controls. In case of 3 minor physical anomalies we could
demonstrate statistically significant differences between children with epilepsy and the control sample. Two minor malformations (primitive shape of ears, double posterior hair whorl)
and one phenogenetic variant (inner epicanthic folds) had a significantly higher frequency
in patients compared to control individuals. Conclusion: The overrepresentation of minor
physical anomalies in idiopathic epilepsy can strongly support the view that this disorder is
related to pathological factors operating early in development.<\/p>\n

(Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2014; 16(3): 115\u2013120)<\/p>\n

Keywords: minor physical anomalies, idiopathic epilepsy, neurodevelopment, childhood
epilepsy, somatic markers<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_blurb title=”Pharmacological and other options in preventing dementia: a literature review” url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/csukly_14_09.pdf” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pdf.png” icon_placement=”left” image_max_width=”105%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”3.22.7″ header_font=”||||||||” header_font_size=”17px” header_line_height=”1.3em” body_font=”||on||||||” body_line_height=”1.3em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/csukly_14_09.pdf” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]<\/p>\n

G\u00e1bor Csukly, Enik\u0151 Sir\u00e1ly, Zolt\u00e1n Hidasi, P\u00e1l Salacz, \u00c1d\u00e1m Szab\u00f3, and \u00c9va Csibri<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=”Abstract” closed_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ closed_toggle_background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” icon_color=”#0c71c3″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ title_font=”|600|||||||” title_letter_spacing=”1px” text_orientation=”justified” custom_padding=”0px||10px” border_width_all=”0px” border_width_bottom=”1px”]<\/p>\n

\n

Background: At present 34 million people live with Alzheimer’s disease around the world.
This figure is expected to triple in the next 40 years. The major cause of this increase is the
well-known aging of the society in Europe and in the US as well. Aims and Methods: In this
paper we review the results of the last 10 years, and discuss those pharmaceutical and other
methods, which can be effective in the prevention of dementias. Results: The most important
pharmaceutical agents are beta secretase inhibitors, and active and passive immunizations.
Several drugs in these groups are in phase III at the moment. The results from studies with
intranasal insulin are also encouraging. As a non-drug option Mediterranean diet can be effective. However at present cognitive trainings seem to be the most effective in the prevention
of dementias. These remediation therapies are based on the lifelong plasticity of the human
brain. Conclusions: In summary we can conclude that there are promising drug developments
in progess for the prevention of dementias, but the breakthrough has not been achieved
yet. At present the best option is decreasing risk factors, that is treatment of hypertension,
prevention of obesity and diabetes, and cognitive trainings are recommended for prevention.\u00a0
<\/em><\/p>\n

(Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2014; 16(3): 121\u2013126)<\/em><\/p>\n

Keywords: dementia, cognitive training, prevention, mild cognitive impairment, beta secretase, immunization<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_blurb title=”Pharmacotherapy of heroin addiction ” url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/hosztafi_14_09.pdf” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pdf.png” icon_placement=”left” image_max_width=”105%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”3.22.7″ header_font=”||||||||” header_font_size=”17px” header_line_height=”1.3em” body_font=”||on||||||” body_line_height=”1.3em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/hosztafi_14_09.pdf” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ndor\u00a0 Hosztafi and Zsuzsanna F\u00fcrst<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=”Abstract” closed_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ closed_toggle_background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” icon_color=”#0c71c3″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ title_font=”|600|||||||” title_letter_spacing=”1px” text_orientation=”justified” custom_padding=”0px||10px” border_width_all=”0px” border_width_bottom=”1px”]<\/p>\n

\n

Heroin addiction is one of the most devastating and expensive of public health problems.
The most effective treatment for this epidemic is opioid replacement therapy. Replacement
of heroin, a short-acting euphoriant with methadone or other opioids that have significantly
longer durations of action provides a number of therapeutic benefits. Opioid detoxification has a role in both preventing acute withdrawal and maintaining long-term abstinence.
Opioid-based detoxification is based on the principle of cross-tolerance, in which one opioid
is replaced which another that is slowly tapered. For the treatment of heroin addicts a wide
range of psychosocial and pharmacotherapeutic treatments is available; of these, methadone
maintenance treatment has the most evidence of benefit. Methadone maintenance reduces
and\/or eliminates the use of heroin, reduces the death rates and criminality associated with
heroin use, and allows patients to improve their health and social productivity. In addition,
enrollment in methadone maintenance has the potential to reduce the transmission of
infectious diseases associated with heroin injection, such as hepatitis and HIV. The principal
effects of methadone maintenance are to relieve narcotic craving, suppress the abstinence
syndrome, and block the euphoric effects associated with heroin. There is growing interest in
expanding treatment into primary care, allowing opioid addiction to be managed like other
chronic illnesses. Buprenorphine which is a long-acting partial agonist was also approved
as pharmacotherapy for opioid dependence. Opioid antagonists can reduce heroin selfadministration and opioid craving in detoxified addicts. Naltrexone, which is a long-acting
competitive antagonist at the opioid receptors, blocks the subjective and objective responses
produced by intravenous opioids. Naltrexone is employed to accelerate opioid detoxification
by displacing heroin and as a maintenance agent for detoxified formerly heroin-dependent
patients who want to remain opioid-free.<\/p>\n

(Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2014; 16(3): 127\u2013140)<\/em><\/p>\n

Keywords: heroin addiction, methadone maintenance, detoxification, buprenorphine,
naltrexone<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_blurb title=”Relapse, remission, recurrence and insomnia in unipolar major depression” url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/falussy_14_09.pdf” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pdf.png” icon_placement=”left” image_max_width=”105%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”3.22.7″ header_font=”||||||||” header_font_size=”17px” header_line_height=”1.3em” body_font=”||on||||||” body_line_height=”1.3em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/falussy_14_09.pdf” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]<\/p>\n

Linda Falussy, Petra\u00a0 Balla and Ede Frecska<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=”Abstract” closed_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ closed_toggle_background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” icon_color=”#0c71c3″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ title_font=”|600|||||||” title_letter_spacing=”1px” text_orientation=”justified” custom_padding=”0px||10px” border_width_all=”0px” border_width_bottom=”1px”]<\/p>\n

\n

The connection between mood and sleep disorders is highly complex and can be studied
and interpreted in many respects. Epidemiologic data show that the co-occurrence of the
two disorders is quite frequent. Thus an approach regarding them as a unit promotes biological psychiatric research by revealing new pathophysiological and therapeutic conclusions.
Chronobiological results related to mood disorders have recently been described in excellent
reviews including Hungarian ones. In the present review, the necessity of treatment of sleep
disorders is evaluated in the context of relapse\/remission\/recurrence. Scientific data suggest
that patients with insomnia have a ten-fold risk of developing depression, and insomnia plays
an important role in depression relapses, recurrence of depressive episodes and becoming
depression chronic. From neurobiological point of view, mood and sleep disorders have many
features in common. Research has revealed decreased levels of melatonin and advanced sleep
phases (shifted earlier) in depression, and altered and imbalanced monoaminergic pathways,
and REM abnormalities in sleep disorders. Some authors suggest that REM abnormalities
disappear along with the mood improvement, and the sleep structure can completely restore
after remission. However, persistent abnormalities of REM sleep and slow wave sleep have
also been found in remission, which increased the risk of the relapse and recurrence. Recently,
there is an agreement as to the early treatment of insomnia can prevent the development
of mood abnormalities. Alterations of cascades related to neural plasticity can also be a link
between sleep and mood disorders. Neural plasticity is closely related to learning, sleeping,
and cortisol regulation (coping with stress), and this draws the attention to comorbidity with
further disorders (anxiety, dementia).<\/p>\n

(Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2014; 16(3): 141\u2013147)<\/em><\/p>\n

Keywords: depression, insomnia, relapse, remission, recurrence<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_blurb title=”The Importance of Neuropsychopharmacology in the Development of Psychiatry” url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/kalmar_14_09.pdf” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/pdf.png” icon_placement=”left” image_max_width=”105%” content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”3.22.7″ header_font=”||||||||” header_font_size=”17px” header_line_height=”1.3em” body_font=”||on||||||” body_line_height=”1.3em” link_option_url=”https:\/\/mppt.hu\/magazin\/pdf\/xvi-evfolyam-3-szam\/kalmar_14_09.pdf” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]<\/p>\n

Sandor Kalmar<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_toggle title=”Abstract” closed_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ closed_toggle_background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” icon_color=”#0c71c3″ _builder_version=”3.22.7″ title_font=”|600|||||||” title_letter_spacing=”1px” text_orientation=”justified” custom_padding=”0px||10px” border_width_all=”0px” border_width_bottom=”1px”]<\/p>\n

\n

The author establishes that Psychiatry has been in a difficult situation especially in Hungary
since closing down the National Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology. He reviews the most
important factors which hold up the development of Psychiatry. He settles that the development of Psychiatry is inconceivable without a person’s holistic approach which assumes the
biological, mental, cultural-social and spiritual approach. Disturbances of perception have
particular roles in the formation of psychopathological symptoms which are based on the
operation of the nervous system. This fact emphasises the importance of the nervous system
and the neuropsychopharmacology which we have known since the beginning of history
although it is hardly half a century old. He pays the attention to the psychoactive medicine
that was well-known in the ancient civilization. He reviews some of them which were actually
the first neuropsychopharmacological pharmaceuticals. He emphasises the dichotomy of the
psychopathological symptoms which are partly objective, partly subjective but based on the
operation of the nervous system by all means. His statements not only establish a new kind of
approach of both the person and the Psychiatry but enables the development of Psychiatry,
the creation of a new sort of diagnostic system, eliminating the variance among the experts
dealing with people, the neurologists, the psychiatrists, the psychologists, the sociologists,
the philosophers and the theologians, ensuring the biological (neurological), psychological,
cultural and spiritual perpetuity. The biological, genetic, psychic, cultural-social and spiritual
approach, the application of nanomedicine that enable not only recognising the organic
neurological bases of the psychiatric disorders that are all crucial for the future researchers
but also essential in the development of the neuropsychopharmacology based on the function of the nervous system.<\/p>\n

(Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2014; 16(3): 149\u2013156)<\/em><\/p>\n

Keywords: neuropsychopharmacology, disturbances of perception, holistic approach,
modified consciousness, Indian psychology and mythology.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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VOLUME 16, ISSUE 3, SEPTEMBER 2014Zolt\u00e1n Rihmer, and D\u00f3ra Perczel ForintosA depresszi\u00f3 \u00e9s \u00f6ngyilkoss\u00e1gi rizik\u00f3 sz\u0171r\u00e9s\u00e9nek jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge Rihmer Zolt\u00e1n1, 2\u00a0\u00e9s Perczel Forintos D\u00f3ra3 1\u00a0Semmelweis Egyetem, K\u00fatv\u00f6lgyi Klinikai T\u00f6mb, Klinikai \u00e9s Kutat\u00e1si Ment\u00e1lhigi\u00e9n\u00e9s oszt\u00e1ly, Budapest \u00a02\u00a0Orsz\u00e1gos Pszichi\u00e1triai \u00e9s Addiktol\u00f3giai Int\u00e9zet, Budapest3\u00a0Semmelweis Egyetem, Klinikai Pszichol\u00f3gia Tansz\u00e9k \u00e9s Ambulancia, Budapest Nemzetk\u00f6zi vizsg\u00e1latokhoz hasonl\u00f3an haz\u00e1nk feln\u0151tt lakoss\u00e1g\u00e1ban az orvosi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":48310,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"project_category":[61],"project_tag":[],"class_list":["post-49317","project","type-project","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","project_category-2014-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/49317","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49317"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/49317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":49677,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/49317\/revisions\/49677"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"project_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project_category?post=49317"},{"taxonomy":"project_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mppt.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project_tag?post=49317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}